A. For Stored Rabi Onion and Garlic Bulbs

1. Monitor stored bulbs regularly for sprouting and rottage. Remove rotted and bruised bulbs immediately. Ensure proper ventilation.
2. Onion bulbs should be spread with a heap height of up to 4-5 feet only.
3. Garlic bulbs with leaves should be stored in ventilated structures by hanging or in circular heaps tapering towards the top.

B. For Raising Kharif Nursery

1. Sow seeds now without delay in areas with onset of rain.
2. 0.05 ha nursery bed and 5–7 kg seed recommended for 1 ha transplanting.
3. Deep ploughing to expose pests and weeds to sunlight is advised.
4. Remove debris, weeds, and stones before bed preparation.
5. Apply 0.5 t well-decomposed FYM in 0.05 ha.
6. Prepare raised beds: 10–15 cm height, 1 m width, convenient length.
7. Apply pendimethalin @ 0.2% as pre-emergent herbicide.
8. Treat seeds with carbendazim @ 1–2 g/kg seed to avoid soil-borne diseases.
9. Apply Trichoderma viride @ 1250 g/ha for damping off control.
10. Sow seeds in lines 50–75 mm apart; cover with FYM/compost, water lightly.
11. Weed by hand at 20 days after sowing.
12. Apply 2 kg N per 500 sq.m after weeding.
13. Spray benomyl @ 0.2% to manage diseases.
14. For severe thrips, spray fipronil/profenophos @ 1 ml/L.
15. Spray mancozeb/tricyclozole/hexaconazole @ 0.1% as required.

C. Main Field Preparation for Kharif Onion

1. Thorough ploughing and disking to remove clods and debris.
2. Apply FYM @ 15 t/ha or poultry manure/vermicompost @ 7.5 t/ha at final ploughing.
3. Form BBF: 15 cm high, 120 cm wide, 45 cm furrow to drain water and reduce anthracnose.
4. BBF is suitable for drip and sprinkler systems.
5. Drip: 2 laterals per BBF (16 mm), 60 cm apart, emitters @ 30–50 cm, 4 L/hr.
6. Sprinkler: 20 mm laterals, 6 m apart, 135 L/hr discharge.

D. For Transplanting Seedlings (Kharif Season)

1. Fertilizer dose: 110:40:60 N:P₂O₅:K₂O kg/ha + 15–30 kg sulphur/ha based on soil levels.
2. With drip: Apply 40 kg N at transplanting; rest in 6 splits every 10 days for 60 days.
3. Use biofertilizers: 5 kg/ha each of Azospirillum and PSB as basal dose.
4. Pre-emergent weed control: oxyflurofen @ 1.5–2.0 ml/L or pendimethalin @ 3.5–4 ml/L.
5. Use 35–40 day old seedlings; spacing: 15 cm × 10 cm.
6. Use healthy seedlings only; trim top 1/3rd before planting.
7. Dip roots in 0.1% carbendazim before planting to reduce fungal disease risk.
8. Irrigate at transplanting and again 3 days later for better establishment.

Note: Carbosulfan, profenophos, fipronil, spinosad, and methomyl should be used only if thrips are visible. Mancozeb, hexaconazole, propiconazole, and tricyclozole should be applied only upon visible disease symptoms.